Explanation Text
Understanding Explanation Text :
Explanation text is a text that explains how and why something happens, whether in the form of a natural or social phenomenon.
From this definition, we can conclude that explanation text functions to provide information through a detailed explanation of a phenomenon that occurs.
Types of Explanation Text:
1. Sequential Explanation Text
This text explains a process based on sequence and time.
Example: How seawater becomes salty.
2. Cause and Effect Explanation Text
This text explains the causes and effects of phenomena.
Example: Why do people feel sleepy after a meal.
Explanation Text Structure:
1. Title
The first structure is the title. The title of the text provides an overview of the contents of the text.
2. General Statement
In the second part, namely the general statement, a general description of the things explained in the text will be explained.
3. Explanation
Next, there is an explanation section. This section provides a series of processes about how and why something happens or cause and effect which is explained through a sequence of events. FYI, this explanation section can consist of more than one paragraph, you know.
4. Conclusion
Finally, there is the conclusion section, which contains the conclusions of the entire process that was explained previously.
Linguistic Rules of Explanation Text:
1. Simple Present Tense
Why does explanation text use simple present tense? The answer is related to the purpose of this text, guys, namely to explain how and why something happens. Well, what is called a process means that the event must be a fact. Therefore, the tense used must show facts, namely simple present tense.
2. Passive Voice
Passive voice is used to emphasize that a person or object is experiencing something. This linguistic rule is also used when the perpetrator is unknown and when the perpetrator is not important to know.
3. Connective Words
As the name suggests, connective words are words that connect ideas. In explanation text, connective words are divided into two, namely as follows.
A. Sequential Connective Words
Sequential Connective Words are connecting words based on sequence or time. Examples include:
- Then (Kemudian)
- After that (Setelah itu)
- However (Akan tetapi)
- Although (Meskipun)
- In addition (Selain itu)
- Moreover (Selain itu)
B. Cause and Effect Connective Words
Cause and Effect Connective Words are connecting words that show cause and effect. Examples include:
- Because (Karena)
- Since (Karena)
- As (Karena)
- Because of (Oleh sebab)
- So (Jadi)
- Therefore (Oleh karena itu)
- Caused by (Disebabkan oleh)
- Due to (Disebabkan oleh)
4. Technical Terms
Technical terms means technical terms related to the phenomenon being discussed.
Example:
Air Pollution
Pollution enters the Earth's atmosphere in many different ways. Most air pollution is created by people, taking the form of emissions from factories, cars, planes, or aerosol cans. Second-hand cigarette smoke is also considered air pollution. These man-made sources of pollution are called anthropogenic sources.
Air pollution is most common in large cities where emissions from many different sources are concentrated. Sometimes, mountains or tall buildings prevent air pollution from spreading out. This air pollution often appears as a cloud making the air murky. It is called smog. The word "smog" comes from combining the words "smoke" and "fog."
Large cities in poor and developing nations tend to have more air pollution than cities in developed nations. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), some of the worlds most polluted cities are Karachi, Pakistan; New Delhi, India; Beijing, China; Lima, Peru; and Cairo, Egypt. However, many developed nations also have air pollution problems. Los Angeles, California, is nicknamed Smog City.
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